The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on 3D Animation: Innovations, Automation, and Emerging Challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63969/1tkg0q38Keywords:
artificial intelligence, 3D animation, automation, deep learning, digital productionAbstract
Three-dimensional animation is undergoing a profound transformation driven by advances in artificial intelligence (AI), which are reshaping the creative, technical, and production processes within the industry. This article examines the main innovations introduced by AI, particularly in areas such as automatic model generation, procedural animation, deep learning–based motion capture, and the optimisation of complex scenes. The objective was to analyse how these technologies are redefining workflows and expanding the capabilities of digital artists. Through a narrative review of recent scientific literature and specialised technical documents, key trends were identified that reveal the increasing automation of tasks previously performed manually, together with emerging challenges related to ethics, originality, and technological dependency. The findings show that AI enhances efficiency, reduces production time, and strengthens creative exploration; however, it also raises concerns about the preservation of artistic style and the human role in animation processes. It is concluded that AI is a crucial driver of innovation, yet it requires educational and regulatory strategies to ensure a balanced and sustainable evolution of 3D animation.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, K., & Laghari, A. (2021). Digital forensics. Journal of Digital Investigations, 15(3), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijesdf.2022.10037882
Akos, D., & Raffael, G. (2023). Augmented reality in forensics and forensic medicine: Current status and future prospects. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 68(5), 1452–1464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2023.04.009
Albeedan, M., Kolivanda, H., & Hammady, R. (2024). Designing and evaluation of a mixed reality system for crime scene investigation training: A hybrid approach. Virtual Reality, 28, 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-024-01018-8
Antonio, S. (2020). Forensic technologies in the courtroom: A multi-disciplinary analysis. In Forensic Technology Applications (pp. 1–22). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3025-2.ch020
Barbe, H., Müller, J. L., Siegel, B., & Fromberger, P. (2022). An open source virtual reality training framework for the criminal justice system. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 50. https://doi.org/10.1177/00938548221124128
Barquero Morales, W. G. (2022). Análisis de Prisma como metodología para revisión sistemática: Una aproximación general. Saúde Em Redes, 8(sup1), 339–360. https://doi.org/10.18310/2446-4813.2022v8nsup1p339-360
Cantos Luces, V. H., Velasco Donoso, P., & Gallardo Pérez, N. A. (2025). Análisis bibliométrico de la animación 3D en el contexto de la cultura digital: Evolución, tendencias y contribuciones (2000–2024). Revisión VISUAL, 17(3), 1–19. https://visualcompublications.es/revVISUAL/article/download/5778/4171/24275
Carew, R., & David, E. (2020). An overview of 3D printing in forensic science. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 65(5), 149–1752. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14442
Carew, R. M., French, J., & Morgan, R. M. (2023). An ethical framework for the creation and use of 3D printed human remains in crime reconstruction. Forensic Science International: Reports, 7, 100319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsir.2023.100319
Céspedes, N. E., Cervantes, L. C., & Fonseca, L. Y. (2023). Realidad aumentada como recurso de formación en las fuerzas militares: Caso policial – Escuela de Cadetes General Santander. Revista Colombiana de Tecnologías de Avanzada, 1(41), 66–78. https://doi.org/10.24054/rcta.v1i41.2419
Ebert, L., Franckenberg, S., & Sieberth, T. (2021). Visualization techniques of post-mortem CT data for forensic death investigations. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 135, 1855–1867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-021-02581-4
Emma, R., & Tara, M. (2022). Technology on trial: Effects of animations on jurors’ judgments. Psychology, Crime & Law, 28(8), 720–740. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2041014
Espinoza, M. (2020). Informática forense: Una revisión sistemática. Revista Ciencia Humanística y Sociales, 1(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.33936/rehuso.v4i2.1641
Guo, J., Guo, Q., Feng, M., Liu, S., Li, W., Chen, Y., & Zou, J. (2023). The use of 3D video in medical education: A scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 10(3), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.06.006
Hiranyachattada, T., & Kusirirat, K. (2020). Using mobile augmented reality to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of physically-based rendering in 3D animation. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 8(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.30935/scimath/9542
Ho, L.-H., Sun, H., & Tsai, T.-H. (2020). Research on 3D painting in virtual reality to improve students’ motivation of 3D animation learning. Sustainability, 11(6), 1605. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061605
Hoshang, K., Meshal, A., & Ramy, H. (2024). Mixed reality system for crime scene investigation training: A hybrid approach. Virtual Reality, 28, 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-024-01018-8
Irene, A., & Gianmarco, B. (2021). Image and video forensics. Journal of Imaging, 7(11), 242. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7110242
Jae, U., & Woo, Y. (2020). Comparative analysis on integrated digital forensic tools for digital forensic investigation. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 834(1), 012034. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/834/1/012034
Jamie, K., & Adam, J. (2022). XR virtual practical and educational eGaming for forensic science education. Science & Justice, 62(6), 388–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2022.04.004
Korbel, J. O., & Stegle, O. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on life scientists. Genome Biology, 21(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-020-02031-1
Kumar, A., Saudagar, A. K. J., AlKhathami, M., Alsamani, B., Hasanat, M. H. A., Khan, M. B., Kumar, A., & Singh, K. U. (2022). AIAVRT: 5.0 transformation in medical education with next generation AI-3D animation and VR integrated CGI. Traitement du Signal, 39(5), 1823–1832. https://doi.org/10.18280/ts.390542
La Cava, S. M., Orrù, G., Drahansky, M., Marcialis, G. L., & Roli, F. (2023). Reconstrucción facial 3D: El camino hacia la ciencia forense. ACM Computing Surveys, 56(3). https://doi.org/10.1145/3625288
Law, B. (2020). 3D scanning as a way of fixing a crime scene. ResearchGate. https://doi.org/10.32850/LB2414-4207.2020.16.01
Leonard, J. (2024). Storytelling and visualization in forensic investigations. Journal of Forensic Engineering and Construction Litigation, 15(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784485798.023
Lin, S. (2022). Research on the application of 3D animation special effects in animated films: Taking the film Avatar as an example. Scientific Programming, 2022, Article 1928660. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1928660
Luisa, V. (2020). Media forensics and deepfakes. arXiv Preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2001.06564
Luca, T., & Thierry, H. (2021). Virtual reality in forensic psychology: Interests and issues. HAL Archive. https://hal.univ-lille.fr/hal-04302637v1
Ma, Y. (2024). A deep learning-based method for evaluating the quality of corporate brand packaging visual design. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 123–134. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-0680
Malik, S. N., Chee, M. H., Perera, D. M. A., & Lim, C. H. (2024). Feasibility of neural radiance fields for crime scene video reconstruction. arXiv Preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.08795
Martínez, M. X. (2022). Uso de levantamientos topográficos como apoyo para la reconstrucción de accidentes de tránsito. http://hdl.handle.net/11349/31389
Mayne, R., & Green, H. (2020). Virtual reality for teaching and learning in crime scene investigation. Science & Justice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2020.07.006
Merel, L., & Javier, L. (2024). ProtoExplorer: Interpretable forensic analysis of deepfake videos. Journal of Digital Forensics. https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716241238476
Meshal, A., Hoshang, K., & Ramy, H. (2024). Mixed reality system for crime scene investigation. Virtual Reality, 28, 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-024-01018-8
Minhua, M., & Hairu, Z. (2023). Virtual reality and 3D animation in forensic visualization. Journal of Forensic Research and Technology, 18(3), 120–135.
Morgan, T. V. (2020). Pushing the frontiers of Nigeria’s cultural communication through digital media practice. Virtual Creativity, 10(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.1386/vcr_00031_1
Natalya, I. (2022). Application of 3D technology in criminal proceedings. European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 557–564. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.01.66
Nathan, R., Heike, H., Smith, B., & Martinez, P. (2025). Visualization framework for bullet comparisons. arXiv Preprint. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.05910
Nicho, M., Alblooki, M., AlMutiwei, S., McDermott, C. D., & Ilesanmi, O. (2023). Crime scene reconstruction for digital forensic analysis: An SUV case study. International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics, 15. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJDCF.327358
Nea, E. (2021). Animating truth. Edinburgh University Press.
Omowunmi, E. (2022). 3D forensic crime scene reconstruction: A systematic review. International Journal of Forensic Technology, 14(2), 67–82.
Pardo Salazar, J., & Vitola, J. (2023). Aplicación de las fases del análisis forense digital en una escena criminal simulada. Revista Los Libertadores, 3(1), 45–58. https://hdl.handle.net/11371/5950
Peña, A. F., Salcedo, J. M., Alvarez, J. L., Hoyos, E., & Diaz, E. R. (2024). La inteligencia artificial en la lucha contra el crimen organizado. Ciencia Latina, 8(4), 2144–2158. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i4.12455
Puche, O. J., Valencia, J. L., & Cervantes, L. C. (2024). Impacto del uso del polígono virtual en la formación policial. Revista Logos Ciencia & Tecnología, 16(3), 148–167. https://doi.org/10.22335/rlct.v16i3.1882
Pulgar, H., Mera, D., Alcocer, E., & Carrasco, M. (2024). Reconstrucción virtual de escenas del crimen: Una revisión técnica. La Ciencia al Servicio de la Salud y Nutrición, 15(1), 160–169. https://doi.org/10.47187/cssn.Vol15.IssEd.Esp.313
Rachael, M. (2021). 3D forensic science: Integrating imaging and printing. Forensic Science Review, 33(4), 250–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2021.100205
Ragni, C. (2023). Digital evidence in international criminal proceedings. European Criminal Law Review, 12(3), 327–348. https://doi.org/10.25234/eclic/28255
Ramallal, P. (2021). Realidad virtual en la recreación de escenas de crimen. Revista de Derecho y Tecnología Forense, 10(2), 45–59.
Rengifo, C. C. (2023). La animación tridimensional computarizada y su utilidad criminalística en la reconstrucción del hecho punible. Revista Lic. Miguel José Sanz, 1(1), 29–45. ISSN-e: 3006-2608
Reichherzer, C., Cunningham, A., & Coleman, T. (2021). Bringing the jury to the scene of the crime: Memory and decision-making in a simulated scene. CHI 2021 Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445464
Sandra, J. R., & Cesar, C. C. (2024). Simulación de escenas criminales en medicina forense. Vita et Scientia, 10(2), 45–60. https://revistas.uniandes.edu.co/index.php/vys/article/view/9125/9585
Snehalata, U., & Varad, N. (2023). Artificial intelligence-based techniques for crime scene reconstruction: An overview. Hilaris Publishers, Ed(14).
Tara, M., & Emma, R. (2022). Computer animations and legal judgments. Psychology, Crime & Law, 28(8), 720–740.
Wheeler, J., Hartley, J., & Craig, R. (2023). The impact of computer animation in trials. Keystone Journal of Undergraduate Research, 9(1), 1–12.
Xavier, C., & Omar, F. (2024). Technology in forensic sciences: Innovation and precision. Technologies, 12(8), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies12080120
Zappalà, A., Guarnera, L., Rinaldi, V., Livatino, S., & Battiato, S. (2024). Enhancing crime scene investigations through virtual reality and deep learning. arXiv Preprint. https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.18458
Zechner, O., Kleygrewe, L., Jaspaert, E., Schrom, H., Hutter, V., & Tscheligi, M. (2023). VR police training: Experiences and guidelines. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 7(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/mti7020014
Zhang, R. (2022). Three-dimensional animation space design based on virtual reality. Scientific Programming, 2022, Article 6559155. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6559155
Zhang, W., & Tsai, S.-B. (2021). A corpus-based and complex computing digital media system for 3D animation. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2021, Article 7578957. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7578957
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Victor Hugo Cantos Luces (Autor/a)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Los artículos publicados en la revista se distribuyen bajo la licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). Esta licencia permite a terceros descargar, copiar, distribuir, adaptar y reutilizar una obra, incluso con fines comerciales, siempre que se otorgue el crédito adecuado al autor original.
